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What is a Bio-fertilizer?

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1. Introduction to the Benefits and Activities of Bio-fertilizers Bio-fertilizer is a 100% natural and organic fertilizer that helps to provide all the nutrients and micro-organisms required for the benefits of the plants. It contains a large population of beneficial micro-organisms that enhance the productivity of the soil and increase plant growth either by fixing atmospheric Nitrogen or by solubilising minerals in the soil, including those unabsorbable by roots, and by stimulating plant growth through the synthesis of growth promoting substances. The term “bio” means living; so bio-fertilizers refer to living, microbial inoculants that are added to the soil. Micro-organisms create a micro environment around the roots of plants that makes nutrients easily available to the plants and helps to retain water. When you use chemical fertilizers and chemical sprays, however, most of these micro-organisms die forever, and as a result the soil loses its capacity to provide sustainable growth in the long term. Bio-fertilizers can be used on the soil as a high quality organic fertilizer and as a corrector of pH, bacterial life, and texture. They have a relatively high nutrient concentration, and can be used to prepare the soil before planting. Bio-Plant, for example, is especially effective in soil preparation when mixed with organic matter. The micro-organisms feed rapidly on the organic matter and multiply rapidly. The organic matter becomes like a factory mass-producing micro-organisms, which spread out and fertilize the soil. The advantages of using bio-fertilizers are enormous. Not only are they very economical, but they produce high agricultural yields. Bio-fertilizers include phosphate-solubilizing microbes. Phosphorus is an important nutrient for plants. There are several micro-organisms which can solubilize the common sources of phosphorus, such as rock phosphate. They solubilise the bound phosphorus and make it available to the plant, resulting in improved growth and yield of crops. Soil phosphates are rendered available to plants by soil micro-organisms through the secretion of organic acids. In this way, phosphate-dissolving soil micro-organisms play an important part in correcting phosphorus deficiency in the soil. They may also release soluble inorganic phosphate into the soil through the decomposition of phosphate-rich organic compounds. Bio-fertilizers can substitute almost 20% to 25% of the phosphorus requirement of plants. 2. The Phosphorus Cycle Microbial Solubilization of Phosphate Bio-fertilizers improve soil fertility and enhance nutrient uptake and water uptake in deficient soils, thereby improving the establishment of plants. Bio-fertilizers also secrete growth substances and anti-fungal chemicals, as well as improve seed germination and root growth. The combined effects of phosphorus- and potassium-mobilizing micro-organisms and specific nitrogen-fixing bacteria enrich the soil and cost less than chemical fertilizers, which harm the environment and deplete non-renewable energy sources. Bio-fertilizers decompose organic material and help to build up the micro-flora, which in turn improves the health of the soil, enhances the growth of plants and increases the yield of crops. 3. Some General Benefits of Bio-fertilizers Compared to Chemical Fertilizers Bio-fertilizers, such as Bio-Plant and Pro-Plant, have strong advantages over chemical fertilizers. For example: a. Chemical fertilizers supply an abundance of Nitrogen and depending on the kind, also Phosphorus and Potassium, whereas bio-fertilizers provide in addition to these major minerals, minor minerals, certain growth-promoting substances, such as hormones, vitamins, amino acids, etc.. b. Chemical crops have to be provided with chemical fertilizers repeatedly to replenish the loss of Nitrogen utilised for crop growth. One reason for this is that chemical agriculture kills off the microbial life that provides the plants with the Nitrogen they need, thereby making them dependent on chemical “fixes” of Nitrogen. Bio-fertilizers, however, supply the Nitrogen continuously through natural processes throughout the entire period of crop growth in the field under favourable conditions. c. Continuous use of chemical fertilisers adversely affects the soil structure by killing off soil micro-organisms and thereby disrupting essential processes (see diagram below) that create fertile soil. Bio-fertilizers provide chemical soil the micro-organisms that restore these processes and thereby improve the soil structure.…

Evidence in Thailand and Vietnam of the Beneficial Effects of Bio-Plant and Pro-Plant

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Some Evidence of the Beneficial Effects of Bio-Plant and Pro-Plant 100% Organic, Microbial, Liquid Bio-fertilizers 1. Introduction Many farmers in Thailand and Vietnam have been using Bio-Plant and Pro-Plant or one of their other brand names for about 20 years, and we do not keep a record of their results. However, the orders increase continuously because of the beneficial effects, and the government of Vietnam buys a large amount each year as part of its efforts to phase out chemical agriculture. The Field Tests file show the results of some of the many field tests carried out over the last few years in Mauritius, Thailand, Vietnam, Benin, Cameroon, Nigeria, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, China, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Malaysia, Philippines, and Indonesia. These are just to give you an idea of the general savings and crop yield benefits, which result from using the bio-fertilizers. 2. General Comments 2.1 Bio-chemical Farming In bio-chemical farming as a general rule, by mixing 330 cc of Bio-Plant with each 50 kgs bag of chemical fertilizer in bio-chemical farming farmers can reduce by 50% the amount of chemical fertilizer they use straight away while increasing their yield by about 10% to begin with. This rises to 30%+ as the soil’s fertility is restored. The farmer’s costs are reduced usually by 40%-45%. If the farmer also sprays Pro-Plant on the leaves to provide a full range of nutrients, the overall costs are reduced by about 30% on average. If the farmer also prepares the seeds and soil with Bio-Plant, this will increase the crop yield further. In Year 2 and Year 3 farmers can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer in each year by another 25% until they are farming 100% organically with a higher yield than when they were farming with chemicals, and of course, with much lower costs. We suggest this rate of change because even hardened chemical farmers can accept it. The drop in costs depends on the cost of chemical fertilizer in the country, of course. 2.2 In 100% Organic Farming In 100% organic farming the yield increase varies so much with yields even doubling, but an increase of about 30% is most common to begin with. The yield increases each year as the soil is restored to fertility and the bio-fertilizers clean the soil of the unabsorbed chemical NPK deposits left by chemical fertilizers. The costs are much lower. Sometimes we meet farmers who have told us that they are making a good profit for the first time as their costs have dropped 60% – 75% since they have stopped using chemical fertilizer. 3. General Benefits of Bio-Plant Bio-Plant restores soil fertility, and makes hard chemical fertilizer soil crumbly and rich again. This is because Bio-Plant contains a high concentration of quickly multiplying soil micro-organisms and fungi. The micro-organisms produce NPK for plants and stimulate plant growth. The micro-organisms make the NPK soil deposits left by chemical fertilizer absorbable by the roots. It improves root system development. When used with Pro-Plant it increases the fragrance of flowers and sweetness of fruit, rice, and other grains. When mixed with chemical fertilizer, it halves the amount of chemical fertilizer farmers need. Bio-Plant makes rich bio-compost when mixed with organic matter. It strengthens the plant’s immune system and resistance to disease and pests. It breaks the life cycle of soil pests. 4. General Benefits of Pro-Plant Pro-Plant increases the quality and quantity of the crop yield, and thereby increases income. Pro-Plant accelerates growth, flowering, and the formation of grain, fruit, etc. The nutrients are useable instantly by the leaves, especially when sprayed in a fine mist onto the leaves before 9 a.m. Pro-Plant makes plants much healthier, and more resistant to diseases and pests. Increases the fragrance of flowers, the sweetness of fruit and sugarcane, the crispiness of vegetables, and flavour. It increases the absorption rate of nutrients. Pro-Plant stimulates the respiratory and photosynthesis systems, so that the plant can absorb nutrients as needed. It also supplements carbon dioxide fixing and helps to improve the soil structure.…

Sample Automated Factory Set-Up Proposal

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Automated Factory for the Mixing and Packaging of Bio-Plant and Pro-Plant 100% Organic, Liquid, Microbial Bio-fertilizers. Note: Some of the actual figures and the name of the country where this proposal has been used have been removed for reasons of confidentiality. This proposal will give interested investors an idea of how the factory could help the country to phase out chemical agriculture. 1. Purpose Overall Purpose: The overall purpose of the factory is to enable a country to phase out 100% chemical farming, and to change to bio-chemical farming and then to 100% organic farming, with all the economic, social, agricultural, health, and environmental benefits, which this entails. By moving away from 100% chemical farming, farmers (and countries) will be able to increase their crop yields above what chemicals can achieve while lowering their costs and restoring the fertility of the soil. In addition, farmers will hardly be affected by fluctuations in the world price of oil as the bio-fertilizers are 100% organic and chemical-free. 2. The Location We are interested in (name of country) for the location, not just because of the potential market in the country for the bio-fertilizers, but also because it would serve emerging markets in other countries in the region. Because we are offering a bio-fertilizer Credit Fund to the governments of some of these neighbouring countries, we expect to create a large customer base for the factory in the coming 12 months. As an indication of the interest in the Credit Fund, discussions are being finalized now with the governments of (names of countries) for the purchase of US$XXX million of the bio-fertilizers over the next 5 years using the Credit Fund proposal. 3. Type of Factory While there are two possible kinds of factories that could be set up, namely a bio-fertilizer production factory and a repackaging factory, only the repackaging factory would work, as explained below. In the case of a repackaging factory, we would make the bio-fertilizers in Bangkok in large quantities, and send them over in 200-litre or 1,000 litre containers. The price would be cheaper than the price for one-litre bottles at US$X.XX per litre. At the factory the bio-fertilizers would be poured into bottles or other sizes of containers, and then sold to the farmers in (name of country) and other countries in the region. The label can be adapted to the country. The advantage of a repackaging factory is that the cost of the factory is very low. If labour costs are low, you can even start off with a hand-bottling factory, which is cheap, simple, and quick to build. Nothing fancy is needed at all. The most complex item will be a fork lift truck. But once the volume reaches 15 containers per month, you would probably need an automated bottling machine, which is made in Bangkok. If local labour is cheap, a hand-bottling factory could provide 30 containers a month with double shifts. A hand-bottling factory would be much cheaper. There are two reasons why the repackaging factory would be the option to choose: a) Expertise The bio-fertilizers are made with advanced bio-technology processes. If the factory were a production factory the person in charge of the factory would have to have very deep knowledge of bio-technology and microbiology, and their application to bio-fertilizer. In comparison it is very simple to operate a Urea or NPK factory. Furthermore, without the required depth of knowledge, the quality of the bio-fertilizers in a production type of factory would always fall short. Besides, the company President, does not want to give away the secret of his production method as it took him years of research to create the advanced processes. b) The Cost A hand-bottling or automated bottling factory would be much cheaper than a production factory. The laboratory in a production factory alone would cost at least US$500,000, and in the case of a full lab, which could be used to serve an analysis purpose for the whole of Africa, up to US$20 million. In the case of a repackaging factory, many of the items needed can probably be obtained locally and do not have to be sent from Thailand. This will keep the costs down. Automated bottling machines are made in Thailand. The factory building has to be open-air because of the temperature needed by the micro-organisms, and does not need to be expensive. The bio-fertilizers will be of great benefit to the farmers, the environment, and the people in (name of country) and beyond, and will be a very profitable operation. In addition, it will enable (name of country) to change over from 100% chemical farming to bio-chemical farming and then to 100% organic farming over 3-5 years. 4. Area of Land Needed for the Factory The size depends on the forecast capacity of the factory. The demand will increase when farmers see the effects, so it is advisable to choose a large area of land that allows for future expansion. A building of 1,000 – 2,000 sq. meters capacity will cater for 10-20 containers/month. A 20-foot container contains 640 cases x 20 litres, with 4 litres per hectare at the low local rate of consumption. A building of 5,000 – 10,000 sq. meters capacity will cater for 50-100 containers/month. We recommend that the factory is built to cater for at least 50 containers per month while having extra land for future expansion. 5. Production Equipment Needed 30 large tanks (plastic) able to hold 6 tonnes each. These are where the bio-fertilizers will be poured into and mixed. 30 three-horse power mixers to mix the bio-fertilizer in the tanks; one per tank. A control mixer to mix the bio-fertilizers when they are poured into each container from the 200-litre drums of bio-fertilizer. Bottling and labeling machinery. The machinery shown on the quotation will cater for 100 containers per month. Plastic bottles and packaging material. A laboratory. The factory can start to operate without this being operational at the beginning. This would serve quality control when the production…